Levanta la copa,
Inclina el codo,
Y a la salud de todos,
Me lo chingo todo.-Attributed to some Mexican who almost certainly loved mezcal.
Mezcal, an artisanal distillation of the agave plant, the same plant from which tequila is produced, is a distinct culture, a way of life for many in the Mezcal-producing states of Mexico, a drink whose frat-boy fame for the dare-inspiring white worms drinkers occasionally encounter bottle-bottom belies it’s incredible richness and cultural significance. Leaving the confines of La Cuidad de Oaxaca, agave plants, colloquially referred to as maguey, spread toward the surrounding mountains in expansive roadside farms; typically, these spiny succulents are of the espadín variety, espadines being the most common maguey varietal, the basic agave you’re likely to have tried if you’ve ever sipped a smoky, chest-warming (or sometimes throat-torturing) mezcal.
There are an inexact number of different agaves (in the sense that everyone proclaims some different quantity, like Peruvians do when counting potato varieties grown throughout their history), and one of the treats of this trip has been exploring the diversity of distinct mezcales produced from the myriad plants. From the basic espadines, who are planted in bulk and mature “rapidly” over five to eight years — we’ve heard various estimations in this range — to the many silvestres, the wild plants (arroqueño, tobalá, tepeztate, etc.), that grow without specific attention in the mountains and can take upwards of twenty-five years to reach maturity depending on the type, mezcal has infused my trip with smoky notes and hazy nights.
As we observed at the superlative palenque Don Agave, one of many mezcal distilleries in the state of Oaxaca, where approximately 80% of the country’s mezcal is produced, agave production is an involved process. Agave plants, once they reach maturity, are first cut back so that the piña, the meaty center shorn of the spiny leaves, can be collected. This piña is then halved or quartered, depending on its size, and once a mezcal producer has collected sufficient tonnage of the desired agave varietal — one gentleman informed us eight tons of maguey would typically produce around six hundred liters of mezcal — he can begin the process of producing the palate-seducing elixir.
A large pit is dug, filled with wood, and set ablaze, and then rocks are layered over the coals. Finally, once the coals are intensely hot and the rocks radiate extreme heat, the hacked up maguey piñas are layered over the rocks, covered in a tarp, and then everything is buried beneath dirt. (The process in many ways mirrors Pachamanca, the traditional Peruvian culinary practice.) After some number of days, the agave cooked and smokiness imparted, the earth is removed, the tarp lifted, and the piñas are ready to be further broken down. They are chopped more finely, the chunky fibers placed into an enclosed, circular area, over which runs an immense, horse-drawn stone wheel, the beast of burden churning out laps at its master’s behest.
What emerges is a deliciously fragrant sugary mash, which is then transferred to vats where it ferments.
Once sufficiently fermented, the liquid collected from the mash is transferred to the distillation chamber, where it is twice distilled to remove impurities and achieve the desired taste and level of alcohol.
At this point, you have a mezcal. And a high quality mezcal is, without question, liquid art.
Andy, one of the best backpacking companions I’ve met in my globetrotting years, a guy who simultaneously combines caring, charisma, and crudeness, and who’ll hereafter simply be known as el Mezcalero Gringo, lives to instill in anyone within earshot a passion for the spirit. On a daily basis we visit various mezcal-serving bars in the city of Oaxaca, and recently Andy invited a group of us to join him on a day trip to Santiago Matatlán, a town that is mezcal. Everyone in the pueblito works in mezcal, whether farming, harvesting, chopping, distilling, bottling, vending, manning the town’s AA outpost, or providing the basic services that hardworking humans require to survive in dignity. On a sleepy Sunday we strolled the lifeless corridor of palenques, the mezcalerías that sandwich the road leading into town, having to sometimes announce our presence with a shouted “buenas tardes” to rouse someone to tend to our thirsts for drink and knowledge, thirsts whose ratio began balanced and inclined toward the former as the tasting count climbed through the day.
By the end of the day, the four of us had collectively purchased eight or nine bottles of mezcal — savvy salesmen these mezcal-hawkers are, as free samples do, unsurprisingly, beget open wallets! — and the young man at the our final stop had taken us on a tour of the family’s facilities, walked us through the process, and more than tolerated our hijinks, laughing even as Ally inserted herself behind the bar and doled out heavy-handed pours of the sample bottles scattered across the long wooden countertop. As we departed for Oaxaca, our new best friend even gifted us a 200mL bottle of mezcal for the taxi ride home; we, the merry passengers, passed about and promptly emptied the bottle, our whole drunkperience reaching peak fun with Andy holding a sporadic conversation about sports bars in town out the window of our cab with the driver of an adjacent car, an interaction that resumed whenever we drew level over the course of miles.
We visited Don Agave mere days later (and, if I’m not mistaken, insatiable Andy is out again today, this time visiting El Rey de Matatlán!). Ricardo, our gregarious tour guide, gave us the thorough explanation of the process that informs much of what you’ve read and all of what you’ve seen in the preceding paragraphs, and he proceeded to treat us to an even more extensive mezcal tasting, a session that spanned nearly two hours and came replete with a dish of the customary mezcal accompaniment, fried chapulines, grasshoppers.